The drive - slimtype sdw-431S (Also a Lite-On model#)
The Laptop: averatec 6100 series
as it turned out, the drive WOULD recognize DVD media - I could read data DVD's each and every time. But none of the 4 audio CDs I tried worked. After researching this online, I found repeated evidence/testimonies that this was a common issue with this drive model.
Thankfully it's a hot-swappable drive bay

So a trip to www.newegg.com and an expense of roughly $60 shipped will get my friend this in about 3 business days:
SAMSUNG 8X DVD±R Slim DVD Burner With 5X DVD-RAM Write Black E-IDE/ATAPI Model SN-S082D - OEM
Thanks for all your help everyone!